Isobutane

A hydrocarbon, C4H10, 58.124 g/mol. Boiling point -11.7 °C, melting point -138.3 °C, as published.

verified recordOrganic — hydrocarbon9 measured properties

Identifiers

Molecular formula: C₄H₁₀
Molecular weight: 58.124 g/mol
Exact mass: 58.07825 g/mol
IUPAC name: 2-methylpropane
SMILES: CC(C)C
InChI: InChI=1S/C4H10/c1-4(2)3/h4H,1-3H3
InChIKey: NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Open in ReactionLens Use in reaction prediction

Measured properties

Published measurements, each with its source. Two readings of one property are both shown, in the units each used.

Boiling Point: 10.8 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)measured · CAMEO Chemicals; -11.7 °Cmeasured · Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Melting Point: -255 °F (NIOSH, 2024)measured · CAMEO Chemicals; -138.3 °Cmeasured · Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Density: 0.557 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will floatmeasured · CAMEO Chemicals; 0.55092 g/cu cm at 25 °C; 0.55711 g/cu cm at 20 °C; 0.61415 at -29.5 °Cmeasured · Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Solubility: Slight (NIOSH, 2024)measured · CAMEO Chemicals; In water, 48.9 mg/L at 25 °Cmeasured · Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Vapor Pressure: 3.1 atm at 70 °F (NIOSH, 2024)measured · CAMEO Chemicals; 2610.0 [mmHg]measured · Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
LogP: log Kow = 2.76measured · Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB); 2.8measured · ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Flash Point: -117 °F (USCG, 1999)measured · CAMEO Chemicals; -82.99 °C (-117.38 °F) - closed cupmeasured · Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Viscosity: 0.238 cP at -10 °Cmeasured · Riddick, J.A., W.B. Bunger, Sakano T.K. Techniques of Chemistry 4th ed., Volume II. Organic Solvents. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons., 1985., p. 80
Refractive Index: Index of refraction: 1.3518 at 25 °C/Dmeasured · Haynes, W.M. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 95th Edition. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton: FL 2014-2015, p. 3-326

Calculated properties

Derived from the structure, not from a sample; kept apart from the measurements above.

Molecular weight: 58.12 g/molcalculated · reference compound database; Average mass of one molecule, from reference compound database.
Exact mass: 58.078250319 Dacalculated · reference compound database; Mass of the most common isotopic form.
XLogP3: 2.1calculated · reference compound database; Estimated oil/water partition, computed by reference compound database.
Polar surface area: 0 Å²calculated · reference compound database; Polar surface area as computed by reference compound database.
Complexity: 4calculated · reference compound database; A rough measure of how intricate the structure is.
H-bond donors: 0calculated · reference compound database
H-bond acceptors: 0calculated · reference compound database
logP: 1.6623calculated · chemistry engine; Estimated preference for oil over water. Higher means more oil-like.
Topological polar surface area: 0 Å²calculated · chemistry engine; Surface area from polar atoms; relates to how easily a molecule crosses membranes.
H-bond donors: 0calculated · chemistry engine; Atoms that can donate a hydrogen bond.
H-bond acceptors: 0calculated · chemistry engine; Atoms that can accept a hydrogen bond.
Rotatable bonds: 0calculated · chemistry engine; Single bonds the molecule can freely twist around.
Molar refractivity: 20.512 cm³/molcalculated · chemistry engine; Relates to the molecule's polarisability.
Fraction sp³ carbons: 1calculated · chemistry engine; Share of carbon atoms with tetrahedral bonding.
QED drug-likeness: 0.3971calculated · chemistry engine; Quantitative estimate of drug-likeness (0–1).

What it is made of

Elements

C Carbon4 atoms · 82.7% by mass
H Hydrogen10 atoms · 17.3% by mass

Percentages are of the molecular weight above, worked out the same way the molar mass calculator does it.

Structure

Heavy atoms, hydrogen excluded: 4
Total atoms, hydrogen included: 14
Rings: 0
Aromatic rings: 0
Stereocentres: 0
Formal charge: 0

The molecule in three dimensions

Rotate and inspect the atoms. Loaded only when you ask, so the page stays light.

The drawing above is a diagram of what is bonded to what. A molecule is not flat, and the model here is one low-energy shape generated from the connectivity — useful for seeing which groups can reach each other, and not a measured structure. A real sample is a population of conformations, interconverting.

Reactions it appears in

No documented reaction with a written procedure and a source involves Isobutane yet.

Other names for it

The systematic name on this record is 2-methylpropane.

The sources also call it 2-Methylpropane, Trimethylmethane, 1,1-Dimethylethane, iso-butane, R 600a, Caswell No. 503A, R-600a, HSDB 608, EINECS 200-857-2, UNII-BXR49TP611, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 097101.

Structurally related

Molecules sharing this formula, or whose fingerprint is at least 40% similar to this one. Similarity is Tanimoto on Morgan fingerprints over this library only — it is a measure of structural overlap, not of how alike they behave.

1,1-Dichloroethane

C2H4Cl2

Where these values came from

reference compound database6360
compound record
chemistry engine
structure perception

compound record.

What this page does not claim

Identifiers are copied from the source record, measured values are reported as published, and calculated values are marked as calculated. Nothing here is a hazard, purity or handling assessment — how the library is checked.