Lactic Acid
C3H6O3, 90.078 g/mol. Its structure, the values that were measured, the values that were calculated, and where each one came from.
Identifiers
- Molecular formula
- C₃H₆O₃
- Molecular weight
- 90.078 g/mol
- Exact mass
- 90.031694 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- 2-hydroxypropanoic acid
- CC(O)C(=O)O
- InChI=1S/C3H6O3/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6)
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Measured properties
Values somebody obtained from a sample and published. Where two sources report the same property they are both shown, in the units each used — a disagreement between them is information, and averaging it away would be inventing a number neither one gave.
- Boiling Point
- 122 °C at 1.50E+01 mm Hg
- 122 °C at 15 mm Hg
- Melting Point
- 16.8 °C
- 16.8 °C
- Density
- 1.2 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink
- 1.2060 g/cu cm at 21 °C
- Solubility
- 1000000 mg/L
- Completely soluble in water
- Vapor Pressure
- 0.08 [mmHg]
- 0.0813 mm Hg at 25 °C
- LogP
- -0.72
- log Kow = -0.72
- Flash Point
- 113 °C (235 °F) - closed cup
- 110 °C c.c.
- Viscosity
- Viscosities of aqueous lactic acid at 25 °C: 1.042 mPa s (6.29 wt%), 1.752 mPa s (25.02 wt%), 4.68 mPa s (54.94 wt%), 36.9 mPa s (88.60 wt%)
- Refractive Index
- Index of refraction = 1.4392 at 20 °C
- 1.413-1.429
Calculated properties
Derived from the structure rather than from a sample. These are reproducible and they are not measurements: a calculated partition coefficient and a measured one can differ by a long way, and where both exist they are listed apart on purpose.
- Molecular weight
- 90.08 g/mol
- Exact mass
- 90.031694049 Da
- XLogP3
- -0.7
- Polar surface area
- 57.5 Ų
- Complexity
- 59
- H-bond donors
- 2
- H-bond acceptors
- 3
- logP
- -0.5482
- Topological polar surface area
- 57.53 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 2
- H-bond acceptors
- 2
- Rotatable bonds
- 1
- Molar refractivity
- 19.3166 cm³/mol
- Fraction sp³ carbons
- 0.6667
- QED drug-likeness
- 0.4539
What it is made of
Elements
Structure
- Heavy atoms, hydrogen excluded
- 6
- Total atoms, hydrogen included
- 12
- Rings
- 0
- Aromatic rings
- 0
- Stereocentres
- 1
- Formal charge
- 0
Functional groups
Carboxylic acid
Alcohol
The molecule in three dimensions
The drawing above is a diagram of what is bonded to what. A molecule is not flat, and the model here is one low-energy shape generated from the connectivity — useful for seeing which groups can reach each other, and not a measured structure. A real sample is a population of conformations, interconverting.
Reactions it appears in
Other names for it
The systematic name on this record is 2-hydroxypropanoic acid.
The sources also call it 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, DL-Lactic acid, 2-hydroxypropionic acid, Milk acid, Tonsillosan, Racemic lactic acid, Ordinary lactic acid, Acidum lacticum, Ethylidenelactic acid, Lactovagan, Milchsaeure.
Structurally related
Molecules sharing this formula, or whose fingerprint is at least 40% similar to this one. Similarity is Tanimoto on Morgan fingerprints over this library only — it is a measure of structural overlap, not of how alike they behave.
Where these values came from
chemistry engine
What this page does not claim
The identifiers are what the source record holds, copied rather than recomputed. Measured values are reported as their source gave them, units and all; calculated values are marked as calculated and are not measurements. Where a field is absent the page says so, because a blank cell reads as a zero and a guessed value reads as a fact.
Nothing here is a hazard assessment, a purity statement or advice about handling a sample. A flash point quoted from a safety database is a number somebody published, not a judgement by us about whether this molecule is safe for what you intend.