Phosphorus

An element / simple molecule, P, 30.974 g/mol. Boiling point 838.9 °F at 760 mmHg, melting point 44.1 °C, as published.

verified recordElement / simple molecule7 measured properties

Identifiers

Molecular formula: P
Molecular weight: 30.974 g/mol
Exact mass: 30.973762 g/mol
IUPAC name: phosphane
SMILES: [P]
InChI: InChI=1S/P
InChIKey: OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Open in ReactionLens Use in reaction prediction

Measured properties

Published measurements, each with its source. Two readings of one property are both shown, in the units each used.

Boiling Point: 536 °F at 760 mmHg ; white-yellow ignites at 86 °F in moist air; red ignites at 500 °F. (EPA, 1998)measured · CAMEO Chemicals; 838.9 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)measured · CAMEO Chemicals
Melting Point: 111.2 °F white-yellow; 1094 °F violet; 1094 °F red (EPA, 1998)measured · CAMEO Chemicals; 44.1 °Cmeasured · Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Density: 2.34 red, 2.36 violet; 2.70 black; 1.8 white-yellow (EPA, 1998)measured · CAMEO Chemicals; 2.691 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sinkmeasured · CAMEO Chemicals
Solubility: Black: Insoluble in organic solvents; White: Insoluble in water, slightly soluble in benzene, ethanol, and chloroform, soluble in carbon disulfide; Red: Insoluble in water and organic solvents.measured · Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB); Solubilities in water: one part/300,000 parts water; in abs alc: one g/400 mL; in abs ether: one g/102 mL; in CHCl3: one g/40 mL; in benzene: one g/35 mL; in CS2: one g/0.8 mL. Solubility in oils: onemeasured · Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Vapor Pressure: 0.026 mmHg at 68 °F White-yellow (EPA, 1998)measured · CAMEO Chemicals; 0.026 mm Hg at 20 °Cmeasured · Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Viscosity: 1.69 cP at 50 °C (liquid)measured · Brummer JR et al; Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. (2005). NY, NY: John Wiley & Sons; Phosphorus. Online Posting Date: August 19, 2005.
Refractive Index: White: Index of refraction = 2.144measured · Weast, R.C. (ed.) Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 69th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 1988-1989., p. B-113

Calculated properties

Derived from the structure, not from a sample; kept apart from the measurements above.

Molecular weight: 30.973762 g/molcalculated · reference compound database; Average mass of one molecule, from reference compound database.
Exact mass: 30.973761998 Dacalculated · reference compound database; Mass of the most common isotopic form.
Polar surface area: 0 Å²calculated · reference compound database; Polar surface area as computed by reference compound database.
Complexity: 0calculated · reference compound database; A rough measure of how intricate the structure is.
H-bond donors: 0calculated · reference compound database
H-bond acceptors: 0calculated · reference compound database
logP: 0.8612calculated · chemistry engine; Estimated preference for oil over water. Higher means more oil-like.
Topological polar surface area: 0 Å²calculated · chemistry engine; Surface area from polar atoms; relates to how easily a molecule crosses membranes.
H-bond donors: 0calculated · chemistry engine; Atoms that can donate a hydrogen bond.
H-bond acceptors: 0calculated · chemistry engine; Atoms that can accept a hydrogen bond.
Rotatable bonds: 0calculated · chemistry engine; Single bonds the molecule can freely twist around.
Molar refractivity: 6.92 cm³/molcalculated · chemistry engine; Relates to the molecule's polarisability.
Fraction sp³ carbons: 0calculated · chemistry engine; Share of carbon atoms with tetrahedral bonding.
QED drug-likeness: 0.3468calculated · chemistry engine; Quantitative estimate of drug-likeness (0–1).

What it is made of

Elements

P Phosphorus1 atom · 100.0% by mass

Percentages are of the molecular weight above, worked out the same way the molar mass calculator does it.

Structure

Heavy atoms, hydrogen excluded: 1
Total atoms, hydrogen included: 1
Rings: 0
Aromatic rings: 0
Stereocentres: 0
Formal charge: 0

The molecule in three dimensions

Rotate and inspect the atoms. Loaded only when you ask, so the page stays light.

The drawing above is a diagram of what is bonded to what. A molecule is not flat, and the model here is one low-energy shape generated from the connectivity — useful for seeing which groups can reach each other, and not a measured structure. A real sample is a population of conformations, interconverting.

Reactions it appears in

No documented reaction with a written procedure and a source involves Phosphorus yet.

Other names for it

The systematic name on this record is phosphane.

The sources also call it Phosphorus 6, Phosphorus 8, Phosphorus 6C, Phosphorus 30, Phosphorus 30C, Phosphorus 30X, Phosphorus 31, Cough Sore Throat, Phosphorus 200C, Phosphorus 200ck, Phosphorous (NOS), Phosphorus 7130.

Structurally related

Nothing structurally close to Phosphorus has a page here yet.

Seen alongside it in reaction records

Molecules that appear in the same recorded reactions as Phosphorus. This says nothing about structure: most of them are the bases, solvents, ligands and catalysts the chemistry needed, and they are here because somebody put them in the same flask.

1,3-Dichloroisoquinoline

used as a reactant

C₉H₅Cl₂N, 198.052 g/mol.

(9aRS)-2-benzyl-6-chloro-9,9a-dihydro-4-phenyl-benz[f]isoindoline

used as a reactant

C₂₅H₂₂ClN, 371.911 g/mol.

(3aRS,4RS,9aSR)-2-benzyl-6-chloro-3a,4,9,9a-tetrahydro-4-phenyl-benz[f]isoindoline

formed as a product

C₂₅H₂₄ClN, 373.927 g/mol.

Where these values came from

reference compound database5462309
compound record
chemistry engine
structure perception

compound record.

What this page does not claim

Identifiers are copied from the source record, measured values are reported as published, and calculated values are marked as calculated. Nothing here is a hazard, purity or handling assessment — how the library is checked.