Citric Acid
C6H8O7, 192.123 g/mol. Its structure, the values that were measured, the values that were calculated, and where each one came from.
Identifiers
- Molecular formula
- C₆H₈O₇
- Molecular weight
- 192.123 g/mol
- Exact mass
- 192.027003 g/mol
- IUPAC name
- 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
- O=C(O)CC(O)(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O
- InChI=1S/C6H8O7/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12)
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Measured properties
Values somebody obtained from a sample and published. Where two sources report the same property they are both shown, in the units each used — a disagreement between them is information, and averaging it away would be inventing a number neither one gave.
- Boiling Point
- Decomposes (NTP, 1992)
- Decomposes
- Melting Point
- 307 °F (anhydrous) (NTP, 1992)
- 153 °C
- Density
- 1.54 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink
- 1.665 g/cu cm at 20 °C
- Solubility
- greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72 °F (NTP, 1992)
- 592000 mg/L (at 20 °C)
- LogP
- -1.64
- log Kow = -1.64
- Flash Point
- 100 °C
- Viscosity
- 2.549 cP 30% aqueous solution at 20 °C
- Refractive Index
- INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.493, 1.498, 1.509 @ 20 °C /CITRIC ACID HYDRATE/
- Index of refraction (30% solution): 1.3744 at 20 °C/D
Calculated properties
Derived from the structure rather than from a sample. These are reproducible and they are not measurements: a calculated partition coefficient and a measured one can differ by a long way, and where both exist they are listed apart on purpose.
- Molecular weight
- 192.12 g/mol
- Exact mass
- 192.02700259 Da
- XLogP3
- -1.7
- Polar surface area
- 132 Ų
- Complexity
- 227
- H-bond donors
- 4
- H-bond acceptors
- 7
- logP
- -1.2485
- Topological polar surface area
- 132.13 Ų
- H-bond donors
- 4
- H-bond acceptors
- 4
- Rotatable bonds
- 5
- Molar refractivity
- 37.0912 cm³/mol
- Fraction sp³ carbons
- 0.5
- QED drug-likeness
- 0.4274
What it is made of
Elements
Structure
- Heavy atoms, hydrogen excluded
- 13
- Total atoms, hydrogen included
- 21
- Rings
- 0
- Aromatic rings
- 0
- Stereocentres
- 0
- Formal charge
- 0
Functional groups
Carboxylic acid
Alcohol
The molecule in three dimensions
The drawing above is a diagram of what is bonded to what. A molecule is not flat, and the model here is one low-energy shape generated from the connectivity — useful for seeing which groups can reach each other, and not a measured structure. A real sample is a population of conformations, interconverting.
Reactions it appears in
Other names for it
The systematic name on this record is 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid.
The sources also call it 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, Citric acid, anhydrous, Aciletten, Anhydrous citric acid, Citro, Citretten, Citric acid anhydrous, Chemfill, Hydrocerol A, 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid.
Structurally related
Seen alongside it in reaction records
Molecules that appear in the same recorded reactions as Citric Acid. This says nothing about structure: most of them are the bases, solvents, ligands and catalysts the chemistry needed, and they are here because somebody put them in the same flask.
Where these values came from
chemistry engine
What this page does not claim
The identifiers are what the source record holds, copied rather than recomputed. Measured values are reported as their source gave them, units and all; calculated values are marked as calculated and are not measurements. Where a field is absent the page says so, because a blank cell reads as a zero and a guessed value reads as a fact.
Nothing here is a hazard assessment, a purity statement or advice about handling a sample. A flash point quoted from a safety database is a number somebody published, not a judgement by us about whether this molecule is safe for what you intend.