Skip to the content
Browse the library

Buchwald–Hartwig amination: Methyl 4-bromobenzoate → Methyl 4-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)methylamino]benzoate

0% yield, run at 100 °C, as recorded by experimental reaction archive. The written procedure is below.

verified record, 0% yield recorded, Not balanced as written, From experimental reaction archive

Reagents, catalysts and solvents are in the table below.

The atoms, from reactants to products

COCOCCCCNCCCCFCCFCCCBr
Reactants · 1/6
breakingformingbond order changesmapped atom that changes

Drawn from the record's atom map: which bonds break and which form between the reactants and products the source listed. It shows a change in connectivity, not a simulated trajectory and not a mechanism.

What was in the flask

RoleSpeciesFormulaYield
ReactantMethyl 4-bromobenzoateC₈H₇BrO₂—
Reactant3,5-DifluorobenzylamineC₇H₇F₂N—
ReagentCesium carbonateCCs₂O₃—
CatalystBinap, (A+-)-C₄₄H₃₂P₂—
CatalystPalladium (II) acetateC₄H₈O₄Pd—
SolventTolueneC₇H₈—
ProductMethyl 4-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)methylamino]benzoateC₁₅H₁₃F₂NO₂0%

The equation does not balance as written. That is usual for an experimental record: the source listed what it put in and what it measured, not a stoichiometric equation.

Conditions

Temperature
100 °C

Only the dimensions the source stated are listed. Anything absent here was not recorded, and it is not inferred from what the class usually needs.

Yield

  • 0% of Methyl 4-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)methylamino]benzoate.

Procedure

Copied from the source record, unedited

methyl 4-bromobenzoate (1 g, 4.65 mmol), (3,5-difluorophenyl)methanamine (1.100 mL, 9.30 mmol) and Cesium carbonate (1.515 g, 4.65 mmol) were mixed in toluene (4 mL) and degassed by bubbling nitrogen through solution. Palladium acetate (0.052 g, 0.23 mmol) and rac-2,2'-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl (0.203 g, 0.33 mmol) were added and the vial was capped and heated at 100°C over 5 days. Workup by dilution with EtOAc, washing with water, then extraction with 2M HCl. The HCl extract was neutralized with 2M NaOH and extracted with EtOAc and the EtOAc phase was dried (K2CO3) and evaporated to give the crude product. The identity of product was doubtful but it was already used in exp 60-68.

The source

This record comes from experimental reaction archive (ord-e2f4bb7b7a8a4f84a94e64c143c99234). Open the source and check it against what is on this page.

  • experimental reaction archive record ord-e2f4bb7b7a8a4f84a94e64c143c99234 from dataset "750 AstraZeneca ELN dataset" (url: https://chemrxiv.org/engage/chemrxiv/article-details/60c9e3f37792a23bfdb2d471). No atom mapping is provided by the source.

    experimental record · quality medium · source

experimental reaction record.

How to read this record

This is one experiment, not a rule. It says that on one occasion these species were combined under these conditions and this came out. It does not say the reaction will give the same result on your substrate, and nothing on the page has been generalised into a claim that it would.

The pathway is a separate question, kept on separate pages. A mechanism here is the canonical arrow pushing for a class, run on real structures and labelled rule-derived. It is not evidence, and this record is not a mechanism.