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Buchwald–Hartwig amination: 1,4-Dibromobenzene → 1-(4-Bromophenyl)-3-methylazetidine

85% yield, run at 100 °C, as recorded by experimental reaction archive. The written procedure is below.

verified record, 85% yield recorded, Not balanced as written, From experimental reaction archive

Reagents, catalysts and solvents are in the table below.

The atoms, from reactants to products

CCCNCCCCBrCCCBrHHHHHHHHH
Reactants · 1/6
breakingformingbond order changesmapped atom that changes

Drawn from the record's atom map: which bonds break and which form between the reactants and products the source listed. It shows a change in connectivity, not a simulated trajectory and not a mechanism.

What was in the flask

RoleSpeciesFormulaYield
Reactant1,4-DibromobenzeneC₆H₄Br₂—
Reactant3-methylAzetidineC₄H₉N—
ReagentCesium carbonateCCs₂O₃—
CatalystBinap, (A+-)-C₄₄H₃₂P₂—
CatalystPalladium (II) acetateC₄H₈O₄Pd—
SolventTolueneC₇H₈—
Product1-(4-Bromophenyl)-3-methylazetidineC₁₀H₁₂BrN84.74%

The equation does not balance as written. That is usual for an experimental record: the source listed what it put in and what it measured, not a stoichiometric equation.

Conditions

Temperature
100 °C

Only the dimensions the source stated are listed. Anything absent here was not recorded, and it is not inferred from what the class usually needs.

Yield

  • 85% of 1-(4-Bromophenyl)-3-methylazetidine.

Other recorded runs with the same starting material

No other run in the library makes this product. These runs of the same class start from one of the same reactants, which is the nearest company this record has.

Procedure

Copied from the source record, unedited

3-methylazetidine (0.5 g, 4.69 mmol), diacetoxypalladium (10.53 mg, 0.05 mmol), 2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl (0.058 g, 0.09 mmol) and cesium carbonate (3.67 g, 11.26 mmol), degassed toluene (15 mL) were heated at 100 °C over the weekend. The RM was filtered and washed with EtOAc the filtrate was then concentrated and the crude product purified by flash silica chromatography, elution gradient 20 to 30% EtOAc in heptane. Purest fractions were collected and combined with EN05604-93. The combined product was then recrystalised from EtOAc to give 1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-methylazetidine (0.899 g, 85 %).

The source

This record comes from experimental reaction archive (ord-1e9ec853eb3e43adb71af85c977827e9). Open the source and check it against what is on this page.

  • experimental reaction archive record ord-1e9ec853eb3e43adb71af85c977827e9 from dataset "750 AstraZeneca ELN dataset" (url: https://chemrxiv.org/engage/chemrxiv/article-details/60c9e3f37792a23bfdb2d471). No atom mapping is provided by the source.

    experimental record · quality medium · source

experimental reaction record.

How to read this record

This is one experiment, not a rule. It says that on one occasion these species were combined under these conditions and this came out. It does not say the reaction will give the same result on your substrate, and nothing on the page has been generalised into a claim that it would.

The pathway is a separate question, kept on separate pages. A mechanism here is the canonical arrow pushing for a class, run on real structures and labelled rule-derived. It is not evidence, and this record is not a mechanism.