Buchwald–Hartwig amination: Bromobenzene → Diphenylpyrrolidine
90% yield, run at 100 °C, as recorded by experimental reaction archive. The written procedure is below.
The atoms, from reactants to products
What was in the flask
| Role | Species | Formula | Yield |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reactant | Bromobenzene | C₆H₅Br | |
| Reactant | 2-Phenylpyrrolidine | C₁₀H₁₃N | |
| Reagent | Cesium carbonate | CCs₂O₃ | |
| Catalyst | 2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-diisopropoxybiphenyl | C₃₀H₄₃O₂P | |
| Catalyst | Bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium | C₅₁H₄₂O₃Pd₂ | |
| Solvent | 1,4-Dioxane | C₄H₈O₂ | |
| Product | Diphenylpyrrolidine | C₁₆H₁₇N | 90.18% |
Conditions
- Temperature
- 100 °C
Yield
- 90% of Diphenylpyrrolidine.
Other recorded runs with the same starting material
No other run in the library makes this product. These runs of the same class start from one of the same reactants, which is the nearest company this record has.
Procedure
Copied from the source record, unedited
Caesium carbonate (553 mg, 1.70 mmol) was added to bromobenzene (0.059 mL, 0.57 mmol) and 2-phenylpyrrolidine (100 mg, 0.68 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL). The reaction was degassed and Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)?dipalladium(0) (12.96 mg, 0.01 mmol) and dicyclohexyl(2',6'-diisopropoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (RuPhos) (13.21 mg, 0.03 mmol) were added. The resulting solution was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hours. LCMS showed the formation of the product. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, and washed with water. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, filtered and evaporated to afford crude product. NMR confirmed the presence of the product. The crude product was purified by flash silica chromatography, elution gradient 0 to 15% DCM in MeOH. Pure fractions were evaporated to dry
The source
This record comes from experimental reaction archive (ord-9faf2ea031204c63b2d52d8ff6231013). Open the source and check it against what is on this page.
experimental reaction archive record ord-9faf2ea031204c63b2d52d8ff6231013 from dataset "750 AstraZeneca ELN dataset" (url: https://chemrxiv.org/engage/chemrxiv/article-details/60c9e3f37792a23bfdb2d471). No atom mapping is provided by the source.
How to read this record
This is one experiment, not a rule. It says that on one occasion these species were combined under these conditions and this came out. It does not say the reaction will give the same result on your substrate, and nothing on the page has been generalised into a claim that it would.
The pathway is a separate question, kept on separate pages. A mechanism here is the canonical arrow pushing for a class, run on real structures and labelled rule-derived. It is not evidence, and this record is not a mechanism.
Where to next
More Buchwald–Hartwig amination records
Other runs of this class, one page per distinct transformation.
Open in the Reaction Lab
The atom map, the bonds that break and form, and records running the same transformation.
Percent yield calculator
Work out a yield from what you isolated against what the equation allows.
Molecules A–Z
Every named molecule, with its identifiers and sources.