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Buchwald–Hartwig amination: 3-Bromo-2-methylpyridine → Tert-butyl 4-(2-methylpyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate

93% yield, run at 100 °C, as recorded by experimental reaction archive. The written procedure is below.

verified record, 93% yield recorded, Not balanced as written, From experimental reaction archive

Reagents, catalysts and solvents are in the table below.

The atoms, from reactants to products

CCNCCCCNCCNCOOCCCCCCBr
Reactants · 1/6
breakingformingbond order changesmapped atom that changes

Drawn from the record's atom map: which bonds break and which form between the reactants and products the source listed. It shows a change in connectivity, not a simulated trajectory and not a mechanism.

What was in the flask

RoleSpeciesFormulaYield
Reactant3-Bromo-2-methylpyridineC₆H₆BrN—
Reactanttert-Butyl piperazine-1-carboxylateC₉H₁₈N₂O₂—
Reagentsodium 2-methylpropan-2-olateC₄H₉NaO—
Catalyst2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-diisopropoxybiphenylC₃₀H₄₃O₂P—
CatalystPalladium (II) acetateC₄H₈O₄Pd—
SolventTolueneC₇H₈—
ProductTert-butyl 4-(2-methylpyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylateC₁₅H₂₃N₃O₂92.54%

The equation does not balance as written. That is usual for an experimental record: the source listed what it put in and what it measured, not a stoichiometric equation.

Conditions

Temperature
100 °C

Only the dimensions the source stated are listed. Anything absent here was not recorded, and it is not inferred from what the class usually needs.

Yield

  • 93% of Tert-butyl 4-(2-methylpyridin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate.

Procedure

Copied from the source record, unedited

Palladium acetate (65 mg, 0.29 mmol) and RuPhos (271mg, 0.58mmol) were dissolved in toluene (10 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen and warmed to 50°C for 15 minutes. In a separate vessel, were mixed 3-bromo-2-methyl pyridine (1.00g, 5.81 mmol), BOC-piperazine (1.08g, 5.81mmol), sodium tertbutoxide and toluene (17 mL). The mixture was degassed, purged with nitrogen and warmed to 50°C. The catalyst was transferred to the reaction vessel and the mixture degassed and purged with nitrogen. The reaction was heated at 100°C overnight under nitrogen. The mixture was filtered through GF/F paper, washing with MeOH. The filtrate was concentrated to provide a dark brown gum. The gum was purified by flash silica chromatography, elution gradient 30 to 80% EtOAc in heptane. Pure fractions were ev

The source

This record comes from experimental reaction archive (ord-316cf52c137541f4a2a9960bf7cb84d3). Open the source and check it against what is on this page.

  • experimental reaction archive record ord-316cf52c137541f4a2a9960bf7cb84d3 from dataset "750 AstraZeneca ELN dataset" (url: https://chemrxiv.org/engage/chemrxiv/article-details/60c9e3f37792a23bfdb2d471). No atom mapping is provided by the source.

    experimental record · quality medium · source

experimental reaction record.

How to read this record

This is one experiment, not a rule. It says that on one occasion these species were combined under these conditions and this came out. It does not say the reaction will give the same result on your substrate, and nothing on the page has been generalised into a claim that it would.

The pathway is a separate question, kept on separate pages. A mechanism here is the canonical arrow pushing for a class, run on real structures and labelled rule-derived. It is not evidence, and this record is not a mechanism.