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Buchwald–Hartwig amination: Iodobenzene → methyl 4-fluoro-1-methyl-5-(phenylamino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-carboxylate

57% yield, run at 100 °C, as recorded by experimental reaction archive. The written procedure is below.

verified record, 57% yield recorded, Not balanced as written, From experimental reaction archive

Reagents, catalysts and solvents are in the table below.

The atoms, from reactants to products

COCOCCCCNCNCCFCNCCCCCCI
Reactants · 1/6
breakingformingbond order changesmapped atom that changes

Drawn from the record's atom map: which bonds break and which form between the reactants and products the source listed. It shows a change in connectivity, not a simulated trajectory and not a mechanism.

What was in the flask

RoleSpeciesFormulaYield
ReactantIodobenzeneC₆H₅I—
Reactantmethyl 5-amino-4-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole-6-carboxylateC₁₀H₁₀FN₃O₂—
ReagentCesium carbonateCCs₂O₃—
Catalyst1,1'-(9,9-Dimethyl-9H-xanthene-4,5-diyl)bis(1,1-diphenylphosphine)C₃₉H₃₂OP₂—
CatalystBis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladiumC₅₁H₄₂O₃Pd₂—
SolventAnisoleC₇H₈O—
Productmethyl 4-fluoro-1-methyl-5-(phenylamino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-carboxylateC₁₆H₁₄FN₃O₂57.47%

The equation does not balance as written. That is usual for an experimental record: the source listed what it put in and what it measured, not a stoichiometric equation.

Conditions

Temperature
100 °C

Only the dimensions the source stated are listed. Anything absent here was not recorded, and it is not inferred from what the class usually needs.

Yield

  • 57% of methyl 4-fluoro-1-methyl-5-(phenylamino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-carboxylate.

Procedure

Copied from the source record, unedited

9,9-Dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene (441 mg, 0.76 mmol) and Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (279 mg, 0.30 mmol) were added to a round bottom flask which was evacuated and flushed with nitrogen 3 times, anisole (16.600 ml) was added and the mixture evacuated and flushed with nitrogen 3 times and then heated to 50ºC for 10 minutes. Cesium carbonate (6204 mg, 19.04 mmol), methyl 5-amino-4-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-carboxylate (1700 mg, 7.62 mmol) and Iodobenzene (1.023 ml, 9.14 mmol) were stirred in anisole (33.2 ml), the flask was evacuated and flushed with nitrogen three times and then heated to 50ºC. The catalyst mixture was transferred into the flask with the reactants (by syringe) and the mixture heated to 100 °C for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was di

The source

This record comes from experimental reaction archive (ord-1169cbe9fa064a879ac34b2e524a4e69). Open the source and check it against what is on this page.

  • experimental reaction archive record ord-1169cbe9fa064a879ac34b2e524a4e69 from dataset "750 AstraZeneca ELN dataset" (url: https://chemrxiv.org/engage/chemrxiv/article-details/60c9e3f37792a23bfdb2d471). No atom mapping is provided by the source.

    experimental record · quality medium · source

experimental reaction record.

How to read this record

This is one experiment, not a rule. It says that on one occasion these species were combined under these conditions and this came out. It does not say the reaction will give the same result on your substrate, and nothing on the page has been generalised into a claim that it would.

The pathway is a separate question, kept on separate pages. A mechanism here is the canonical arrow pushing for a class, run on real structures and labelled rule-derived. It is not evidence, and this record is not a mechanism.