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Buchwald–Hartwig amination, record ord-890c9e12800b48cca35bf6f2a67a4cca

One recorded run of this reaction. Below is what the source recorded, and nothing added to it.

verified record64% yield recordedNot balanced as writtenFrom experimental reaction archive

Reactants and products as the record gives them. Reagents, catalysts and solvents are listed below rather than drawn.

Open this record in the Reaction LabThe atom map, the animation and the records that run the same transformation.

What was in the flask

RoleSpeciesFormulaYield
Reactant5-Chloro-2-iodoanisoleC₇H₆ClIO
Reactant1-MethylpiperazineC₅H₁₂N₂
Reagentsodium 2-methylpropan-2-olateC₄H₉NaO
Catalyst1,1'-(9,9-Dimethyl-9H-xanthene-4,5-diyl)bis(1,1-diphenylphosphine)C₃₉H₃₂OP₂
CatalystPalladium (II) acetateC₄H₈O₄Pd
SolventTolueneC₇H₈
Product1-(4-Chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-methylpiperazineC₁₂H₁₇ClN₂O63.57%

The equation does not balance as written. That is usual for an experimental record: the source listed what it put in and what it measured, not a stoichiometric equation.

Conditions

Temperature
100 °C

Only the dimensions the source stated are listed. Anything absent here was not recorded, and it is not inferred from what the class usually needs.

Yield

  • 64% of 1-(4-Chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-methylpiperazine.

Procedure

Copied from the source record, unedited

Palladium II acetate (25.09 mg, 0.11 mmol) was added to 4-chloro-1-iodo-2-methoxybenzene (300 mg, 1.12 mmol), 1-methylpiperazine (0.124 ml, 1.12 mmol), sodium 2-methylpropan-2-olate (215 mg, 2.23 mmol) and 9,9-Dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene (323 mg, 0.56 mmol) in toluene (4 ml) at room temperture under nitrogen. The resulting mixture was stirred at 100oC overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered through celite and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was then taken up in DCM and washed with water. The crude product was purified by chromatography in DCM:MeOH 0-->10% to afford 1-(4-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-methylpiperazine (171 mg, 63.6 %) as yellow oil. This was carried through to the next reaction immediately as it is a controlled substance.

The source

This record comes from experimental reaction archive (ord-890c9e12800b48cca35bf6f2a67a4cca). Open the source and check it against what is on this page.

  • experimental reaction archive record ord-890c9e12800b48cca35bf6f2a67a4cca from dataset "750 AstraZeneca ELN dataset" (url: https://chemrxiv.org/engage/chemrxiv/article-details/60c9e3f37792a23bfdb2d471). No atom mapping is provided by the source.

    experimental record · quality medium · source

experimental reaction record.

How to read this record

This is one experiment, not a rule. It says that on one occasion these species were combined under these conditions and this came out. It does not say the reaction will give the same result on your substrate, and nothing on the page has been generalised into a claim that it would.

The pathway is a separate question, kept on separate pages. A mechanism here is the canonical arrow pushing for a class, run on real structures and labelled rule-derived. It is not evidence, and this record is not a mechanism.