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Buchwald–Hartwig amination: 1-Bromo-4-iodobenzene → 1-(4-Bromophenyl)-cis-3,5-dimethylpiperazine

44% yield, run at 90 °C, as recorded by experimental reaction archive. The written procedure is below.

verified record, 44% yield recorded, Not balanced as written, From experimental reaction archive

Reagents, catalysts and solvents are in the table below.

The atoms, from reactants to products

CCCNCCCCBrCCCCCNI
Reactants · 1/6
breakingformingbond order changesmapped atom that changes

Drawn from the record's atom map: which bonds break and which form between the reactants and products the source listed. It shows a change in connectivity, not a simulated trajectory and not a mechanism.

What was in the flask

RoleSpeciesFormulaYield
Reactant1-Bromo-4-iodobenzeneC₆H₄BrI—
Reactantrel-(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethylpiperazineC₆H₁₄N₂—
Reagentsodium 2-methylpropan-2-olateC₄H₉NaO—
Catalyst1,1'-(9,9-Dimethyl-9H-xanthene-4,5-diyl)bis(1,1-diphenylphosphine)C₃₉H₃₂OP₂—
CatalystPalladium (II) acetateC₄H₈O₄Pd—
Solvent1,4-DioxaneC₄H₈O₂—
Product1-(4-Bromophenyl)-cis-3,5-dimethylpiperazineC₁₂H₁₇BrN₂44.14%

The equation does not balance as written. That is usual for an experimental record: the source listed what it put in and what it measured, not a stoichiometric equation.

Conditions

Temperature
90 °C

Only the dimensions the source stated are listed. Anything absent here was not recorded, and it is not inferred from what the class usually needs.

Yield

  • 44% of 1-(4-Bromophenyl)-cis-3,5-dimethylpiperazine.

Procedure

Copied from the source record, unedited

sodium 2-methylpropan-2-olate (0.510 g, 5.30 mmol) was added to (2R,6S)-2,6-dimethylpiperazine (0.605 g, 5.30 mmol) in dioxane (40 mL) at 21°C under nitrogen. Stirred for 5 mins. 1-bromo-4-iodobenzene (1 g, 3.53 mmol) added, followed by diacetoxypalladium (0.079 g, 0.35 mmol) and (9,9-dimethyl-9H-xanthene-4,5-diyl)bis(diphenylphosphine) (0.409 g, 0.71 mmol). Reaction evacuated and refilled with nitrogen several times. Heated at 90C for 18hours. left to cool o/w. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (250 mL), and washed sequentially with water (150 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated to afford crude product. The crude product was purified by flash silica chromatography, elution gradient 0 to 30% MeOH in EtOAc. Pure fractions were evaporated to dryn

The source

This record comes from experimental reaction archive (ord-609b92e7f381461a936ff9653aaca797). Open the source and check it against what is on this page.

  • experimental reaction archive record ord-609b92e7f381461a936ff9653aaca797 from dataset "750 AstraZeneca ELN dataset" (url: https://chemrxiv.org/engage/chemrxiv/article-details/60c9e3f37792a23bfdb2d471). No atom mapping is provided by the source.

    experimental record · quality medium · source

experimental reaction record.

How to read this record

This is one experiment, not a rule. It says that on one occasion these species were combined under these conditions and this came out. It does not say the reaction will give the same result on your substrate, and nothing on the page has been generalised into a claim that it would.

The pathway is a separate question, kept on separate pages. A mechanism here is the canonical arrow pushing for a class, run on real structures and labelled rule-derived. It is not evidence, and this record is not a mechanism.