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Buchwald–Hartwig amination, record ord-57be3c43ca2f40d482cab5a1bd42b5d5

One recorded run of this reaction. Below is what the source recorded, and nothing added to it.

verified record98% yield recordedNot balanced as writtenFrom experimental reaction archive

Reactants and products as the record gives them. Reagents, catalysts and solvents are listed below rather than drawn.

Open this record in the Reaction LabThe atom map, the animation and the records that run the same transformation.

What was in the flask

RoleSpeciesFormulaYield
Reactant2-Bromo-6-nitrotolueneC₇H₆BrNO₂
Reactant1-AcetylpiperazineC₆H₁₂N₂O
ReagentCesium carbonateCCs₂O₃
Catalyst1,1'-(9,9-Dimethyl-9H-xanthene-4,5-diyl)bis(1,1-diphenylphosphine)C₃₉H₃₂OP₂
CatalystPalladium (II) acetateC₄H₈O₄Pd
SolventTolueneC₇H₈
Product1-[4-(2-Methyl-3-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanoneC₁₃H₁₇N₃O₃98.46%

The equation does not balance as written. That is usual for an experimental record: the source listed what it put in and what it measured, not a stoichiometric equation.

Conditions

Temperature
100 °C

Only the dimensions the source stated are listed. Anything absent here was not recorded, and it is not inferred from what the class usually needs.

Yield

  • 98% of 1-[4-(2-Methyl-3-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanone.

Procedure

Copied from the source record, unedited

1-bromo-2-methyl-3-nitrobenzene (500 mg, 2.31 mmol), (9,9-dimethyl-9H-xanthene-4,5-diyl)bis(diphenylphosphine) (201 mg, 0.35 mmol) and cesium carbonate (1131 mg, 3.47 mmol) and diacetoxypalladium (52.0 mg, 0.23 mmol) were dissolved in toluene (10 mL) and sealed into a microwave tube degazed and purged with argon. The reaction was heated to 100 °C, over a period of 12 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled down to room temperature, filtered and the residue was evaporated. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel eluting with 0 to 10% methanol in dichloromethane. The solvent was evaporated to dryness to afford 1-(4-(2-methyl-3-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethanone (600 mg, 98 %) as a solid.

The source

This record comes from experimental reaction archive (ord-57be3c43ca2f40d482cab5a1bd42b5d5). Open the source and check it against what is on this page.

  • experimental reaction archive record ord-57be3c43ca2f40d482cab5a1bd42b5d5 from dataset "750 AstraZeneca ELN dataset" (url: https://chemrxiv.org/engage/chemrxiv/article-details/60c9e3f37792a23bfdb2d471). No atom mapping is provided by the source.

    experimental record · quality medium · source

experimental reaction record.

How to read this record

This is one experiment, not a rule. It says that on one occasion these species were combined under these conditions and this came out. It does not say the reaction will give the same result on your substrate, and nothing on the page has been generalised into a claim that it would.

The pathway is a separate question, kept on separate pages. A mechanism here is the canonical arrow pushing for a class, run on real structures and labelled rule-derived. It is not evidence, and this record is not a mechanism.